Programmers Area: Snake Game in C language

Snake game in C language .I have simplified the program which you can easily understand(see the explanation part). The program for snake game is of 235 lines.In this game you have to direct snake towards its food which randomly appears on the screen more it will eat more it will grow.Using arrow keys you can direct it. Before reading following explanation please read the explanation of Cricket game, Puzzle Game and stop watch because many of the concepts such as scan codes ,kbhit() function ,how to generate random numbers , I have explained their.

SOURCE CODE

#include<time.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int m,n,a;
void boundary();
int snake(int x[1500],int y[1500],char d[1500])
{
int i;
long score=(a-5)*100;
if(x[0]==m&&y[0]==n)
{
take:
gotoxy(m,n);
printf(" ");
m=rand()%71+3;
n=rand()%17+4;
for(i=0;i<a;i++)
if(x[i]==m&&y[i]==n)
goto take;
a++;
}
if(a>=1406)
{
gotoxy(30,12);
printf("Congratulation You Won The Game");
gotoxy(32,12);
printf("Your Score : %ld",score);
getch();
return 1;
}
gotoxy(m,n);
printf("%c",5);
for(i=0;i<a;i++)
{
gotoxy(x[i],y[i]);
printf("%c",d[i]);
}
gotoxy(x[i],y[i]);
printf(" ");
gotoxy(3,23);
printf(" Your Score : %ld",score);
for(i=1;i<a;i++)
if(x[0]==x[i]&&y[0]==y[i])
goto out;
if(x[0]<3||x[0]>75||y[0]<4||y[0]>21)
{
out:
gotoxy(34,10);
printf("GAME OVER");
gotoxy(32,12);
printf("Your Score : %ld",score);
delay(1000);
getch();
return 1;
}
return 0;
}
void boundary()
{
int i,ab=3,de=22,cd=2,dc=1;
gotoxy(35,2);
printf("SNAKE GAME");
gotoxy(2,1);
printf("%c",201);
gotoxy(76,1);
printf("%c",187);
gotoxy(2,25);
printf("%c",200);
gotoxy(76,25);
printf("%c",188);
for(i=0;i<=72;i++,ab++)
{
gotoxy(ab,dc);
printf("%c",205);
gotoxy(ab,dc+2);
printf("%c",205);
gotoxy(ab,dc+21);
printf("%c",205);
gotoxy(ab,dc+24);
printf("%c",205);
}
de=76,ab=2;
gotoxy(33,23);
printf("BkSp Pause\t\t Esc Quit") ;
printf("\n made by:mohammed ujjain wala");
for(i=0;i<23;i++,cd++)
{
gotoxy(ab,cd);
printf("%c",186);
gotoxy(de,cd);
printf("%c",186);
}
gotoxy(2,3);
printf("%c",204);
gotoxy(2,22);
printf("%c",204);
gotoxy(76,3);
printf("%c",185);
gotoxy(76,22);
printf("%c",185);
}
void main()
{
int i,key,set,max=1406,x[1500],y[1500],speed=200,select;
char d[1500];
randomize();
m=rand()%71+2;
n=rand()%17+2;
clrscr();
printf("\n\n\n\n\n\t\t\t MOHAMMED UJJAIN WALA\n\n\t\t\t\t PRESENTS");
printf("\n\n\n\t\t\t\tSNAKE GAME");
printf("\n\n\n\npress any key to continue");
getch();
while(1)
{
phir:
clrscr();
printf("\n\n\t\t\tSNAKE GAME");
printf("\n\n\n\t1.) START\t\t\tpress 1\n\n\t2.) INSTRUCTIONS\t\tpress 2\n\n\t3.) SETTINGS\t\t\tpress 3\n\n\t4.) EXIT\t\t\tpress 4 ");
scanf("%d",&select);
clrscr();
boundary();
switch(select)
{
case 1:
for(i=0;i<max;i++)
d[i]='*',x[i]=i+40,y[i]=10;
d[0]=2,key=75,a=5;
while(1)
{
if(kbhit())
{
key=getch();
if(!key)
key=getch();
}
switch(key)
{
case 75:
if(x[0]-1==x[1])
goto same;
for(i=a;i>0;i--)
y[i]=y[i-1],x[i]=x[i-1];
x[0]-=1,set=1;
if(snake(x,y,d))
goto phir;
break;
case 77:
if(x[0]+1==x[1])
goto same;
for(i=a;i>0;i--)
y[i]=y[i-1],x[i]=x[i-1];
x[0]++,set=2;
if(snake(x,y,d))
goto phir;
break;
case 72:
if(y[0]-1==y[1])
goto same;
for(i=a;i>0;i--)
y[i]=y[i-1],x[i]=x[i-1];
y[0]--,set=3;
if(snake(x,y,d))
goto phir;
break;
case 80:
if(y[0]+1==y[1])
goto same;
for(i=a;i>0;i--)
y[i]=y[i-1],x[i]=x[i-1];
y[0]++,set=4;
if(snake(x,y,d))
goto phir;
break;
case 27:
goto phir;
case 32:
snake(x,y,d);
gotoxy(30,12);
printf("press any key to continue...");
getch();
clrscr();
boundary();
default:
same:
printf("\a");
if(set==1)
key=75;
else if(set==2)
key=77;
else if(set==3)
key=72;
else
key=80;
break;
}
if(kbhit())
delay(40);
else
delay(speed);
}
case 2:
clrscr();
printf("\t\t\t\tHOW TO PLAY\n\nOur snake is hungry and you have to direct it toward its food ,more the snake will eat more it will grow .Remember snake should not collide with walls or itself or game will be over.\nUse arrow key to move the snake");
printf("\n\n\n\t\t\t ****ENJOY THE GAME****\n\n\n press any key to continue..............");
getch();
goto phir;
case 3:
clrscr();
printf("\t\t\t\tSETTINGS\nEnter the speed level (1-5): ");
spee:
scanf("%d",&speed);
if(speed==5)
speed=100;
else if(speed==4)
speed=200;
else if(speed==2)
speed=400;
else if(speed==1)
speed=500;
else if(speed==3)
speed=300;
else
{
clrscr();
printf("\t\t\t\tSETTINGS\nPlease enter the no.between 1-5 :");
goto spee;
}
printf("\nYour speed level has been set\npress any key to continue");
getch();
goto phir;
case 4:
exit(0);
}
}
}

OUTPUT

EXPLANATION

After removing all the exception handling cases and unnecessary things, simplified program is given below

#include<time.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
int m,n,a=5;
void snake(int x[1500],int y[1500],char d[1500])
{
int i;
if(x[0]==m&&y[0]==n)
{
m=rand()%70+1;
n=rand()%20+1;
a++;
}
gotoxy(m,n);
printf("%c",5);
for(i=0;i<a;i++)
{
gotoxy(x[i],y[i]);
printf("%c",d[i]);
}
}
void main()
{
int i,key=75,x[1500],y[1500];
char d[1500];
randomize();
m=rand()%70+1;
n=rand()%20+1;
for(i=0;i<1400;i++)
d[i]='*',x[i]=i+40,y[i]=10;
d[0]=2;
while(1)
{
clrscr();
if(kbhit())
{
key=getch();
if(!key)
key=getch();
}
for(i=a;i>0;i--)
y[i]=y[i-1],x[i]=x[i-1];
if(key==75)
x[0]-=1;
else if(key==77)
x[0]++;
else if(key==72)
y[0]--;
else if(key==80)
y[0]++;
else
exit(0);
snake(x,y,d);
delay(200);
}
}

Is it simple, yes ?Ok than let us understand the program.

I have already told you how random numbers are generated .Now this randomly generated numbers will be stored in m and n, this will decide the position of our food on the screen .Thus m and n simply holds the position of food. We will draw snake body using character type array d[1500] and to print whole body of snake at proper position we will use two integer type arrays x[1500] and y[1500] i.e. x[],y[] both holds the coordinates of whole body of snake. For example x[0] and y[0] holds the coordinates of face of snake similarly x[1] and y[1] hold the coordinate of next body part of snake.

Now we have given 1 in while loop condition so it will run infinite times .Now to move the snake left right, up or down, what we actually do is first copy the coordinates of previous body part to next and second we will increment or decrement the value x[0] or y[0] .Thus the whole body will go to the path through which its face was passed .This was the main logic of the program

Initially we have set key=75 now when no key is hit than if(kbhit()) becomes false and if(key==75) becomes true so x[0] is decremented i.e. snake will move to left.Now snake() function is called. Base address of the three arrays x[],y[] and d[] is passed. Then this function checks whether the snake has eaten the food or not by simply comparing the coordinates of food and snake’s face ,if yes it simply prints the food in other position and increment the value of a i.e. snake becomes bigger in size. Now using gotoxy() function we will print the food and snake on the output screen.

After that delay() functions is called which suspends the program execution for 100 milliseconds. Thus after a delay of every 100 milliseconds the snake position is updated ,which seems that snake is moving.

Now when you press any arrow key if(kbhit()) becomes true and the key which is been hit is retrieved by getch() function here we will use scan codes of the arrow keys. Now suppose you press UP arrow key than 72 will get stored in key and the program will run for that value of key again and again until another key is pressed i.e. our snake will move in upward direction until you give him another direction.

So in this way program execute now you can add many others things to it such as by drawing walls, giving conditions in which the game is over and also giving option to set the speed of snake, to pause the game and many other things to make it more attractive.

Any questions regarding to program please write in comments.

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Saturday, 8 March 2014

Snake Game in C language

SOURCE CODE

OUTPUT

EXPLANATION

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